红泥泵白皮书

Mt Rosser池塘

修复项目泥泵测试-发现

文件控件shet

客户端	里安丁托阿尔康
项目标题	Rio丁托Alcan排除资产补救
文档标题	泥泵测试-结果
文件号	MDE0182RP0038WPR
文档编译	DAS	TOC测试	文本翻译	表列表	图列表	号联想附录
文档编译	一号	一号	16	0	-	-

公元前	状态	发件人	评审由	核准程序	原创办公	问题日期
D01	草稿	WOSMOND	Cmason,Rapp		西码头	11年10月22日
F01	终极	WOSMOND	C马松	WOSMOND	西码头	11月15日

一. 导言

mt RosserPond是一个铝土残留物(红泥)尾矿大坝,位于牙买加Ewerton镇北面Diablo山

图1.1

The "pond" is actually a man made dam which covers an area of about 40ha and has rockfill embankments of up to 53m high along the southern side that forms the impoundment. It initially constructed in 1959 to act as a tailings pond to take the bauxite residue (red mud) from the Ewarton Plant situated about 5km away and 300m lower. The red mud was pumped as a slurry comprising about 20% solids to the pond over a period of about 32 years up to 1991 when the pond was replaced by the Charlemount Mud Stacking and Drying Facility. During this period the pond embankments (referred to as dams), were raised up to 7 times providing a final crest elevation of 472m. The pond was however never filled to its final design capacity and the mud beach level remained at about 469m and the central area about 458m leaving a concave depression which held about 1.4mil m³水加高pH和某些腐蚀性内容

照片1.1:Mt RosserPond从东南角向西

池塘修复计划包括清除池塘水并重定位泥面免费排水,以便稳定并播种。约500 000米³of mud will need to be moved over a distance of up to 1km in order to create the required profile. Due to the very soft nature of the surface muds (shear strength of less than 3kPa) its bearing capacity is less than 20kPa hence it is not accessible using even modified earthworks equipment. In addition, the muds are thyrotrophic and under any vibration or shear loading, rapidly liquefy resulting in significant reduction in shear strength and loss of bearing capacity. Using conventional earthmoving equipment would therefore require extensive "floating" haul roads with a high risk of machinery getting stuck or entire plant loss and risk to personnel. It was therefore decided to investigate the possibility of pumping the in-situ red mud.

泥泵测试评估使用此技术大规模泥流的可行性红泥不常见,泥浆最初抽到Mt Rosser池塘

除泥泵外,测试内容包括填充三大小型地理管评估性能

项目引用 :AUM0894牙买加HSEQ工作包refJWP#11001

1.1AIM法庭

水泵试验的主要目的是确定泥能按原状泵化,如果没有,需要水量和水含量变化如何影响泵速率

关联到:

渐渐理解在这些条件下抽水的困难
了解泵区周围泥土行为
评估泥土沉入水中后如何反应

地球管的主要目的就是评估管子如何控制泵泥和它们用时反应

2设备使用

The mud pumping trial was undertaken using a 4" EDDY Pump. This pump was recommended due to its ability to handle variable solids and robust operating mechanism. The pump unit incorporated a hydraulic drive and cutter head. The unit was mounted onto the boom of a JCB 220 excavator which also supplied the hydraulic feed to power the pump for the required range of 30-40 GPM at 3,500 to 4,000 psi (2428MPa). The cutter head was powered by a standalone hydraulic power unit capable of providing the required 30gpm at 200psi (1.9 l/s at 13.8MPa). If mounted on a 30-ton excavator with a System 14 hydraulic system and dual auxiliary feeds to the boom, all necessary hydraulic power for the pump and cutter head can be supplied by the excavator. This equipment was however not available at the time in Jamaica.

PHOTO3.1:EDDY挖掘附加

除挖掘机上安装泵外,用长距离挖掘机(CAT325)向切割机头移动泥浆,并松绑泥土和混合加水方便抽水

抽泥前,泥泵以回流模式操作泵。当回循环模式时,泵材料会转置到泵上安装短排管上并转回切头这一行动会帮助鼓动和搅乱泥巴

照片3.2:CAT325长距离(60ftboom)和JCB220加Eddy泥泵

地球管测试长6m和高1m(填充),由腾卡特提供。管子由编织聚点-GT1000M制成并有中央顶填点。并提供了装有聚合测试集的小袋,但这次没有试用

相片3.2:填充前Geotube

3材料属性

2004年对Mt Rosser池塘中的泥土进行了地质土壤调查,调查显示材料主要是粘泥泥沙约13%、粘土29%和泥沙58%使用传统筛析和水力计。Atterberg限值显示材料介于高塑性粘土之间。但泥土分布于湖中并垂直变化主要是沉积过程和排出点的结果。靠近排出点,教程材料先解决,精度材料最远散至池子对面,结果见图4.1

图4.1:梯度分析(传统土壤力学法,2004 SI)

在今年早些时候测试了更多的泥样本,因为标准土力测试显然无法提供精美材料的精确评估,这一点在干筛检验中特别明显,测试显示物色优沙(见样本5300、5301和5302结果图4.2)。

附加测试包括使用激光粒子分析器进行分级结果表明泥块主要是石板,尽管淤泥百分比介于30%至80%不等,物料多沙或粘土多(达15%粘土)。下图4.2显示样本归结为“L”。

图4.2:干泥分解法使用干筛分法5300-2,湿泥分法使用筛分和水分计和激光分析L后缀法

泥池内取泥量测试水下从100%到150%不等(50%到40%固态 ) 。泵测试点的泥量检验为137%(42%固态 ) 。

剪裁强度通常很低,从1kPa到6kPa等深层相加

PH介于10.3至11.7之间(除11.2外),先前测试显示表层泥有低pH测试时深达2.5m的泥混在一起,因此无法确定pH分层

4发现

41MUD泵

初始抽水问题主要因挖掘机功耗不足诊断为液压泵问题并替换挖掘机。切割机头(也作用保护摄取量)偏盲泥块(Photo5.1),也没有提供足够的扰动性液化泥块。这通过在旋转切割机头上加插“Stirrs”(2钢环焊接双侧)和comb(Photo5.2)来部分解决,以保持切割机头空格开关

照片5.1:泥头盲目

Mud pumping rates varied from 21 l/s to 52 l/s (332 – 824gpm) and it was clearly visible that the more liquid the muds were the higher the pump rate was. Samples were taken at different discharge rates and moisture content and percent solids determined by laboratory testing. The results are plotted in Figure 5.1 and although scattered, do give an indication of the effects of solids content on flow rates. The natural moisture content of the muds (insitu) at the test location was 137%, or 42% solids. This is shown in Figure 5.1 as a vertical line. Pumping muds close to the percent solids was achieved although flow rates were low.

长距离挖掘机用来松绑泥巴,水从池塘抽水3号泵挖掘,长距离挖掘泥巴混入水中帮助初始冲压泵进程,并曾为地表下1米至2米热泥泵,但发现深泥往往卷积性,这将大大减少或停止流水量要求泵升入薄泥或返回回弧模式或完全回租模式,因此泵排出极不一致性,因为吸附位置需要不断调整以图适当排出并同时抽出最厚泥

照片5.3:回弧/回弧模式泥泵